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Method

Participants 

Our research sample consisted of Wayne State University undergraduate level students. Four classes were selected within the Communication Studies department to take part in our study. This included three Introduction to Speech courses, and then one Organizational Communication course. 

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Recruitment took place through direct consultation with the students. It involved presenting the class with detailed information about the research study. Participants were informed about extra-credit compensation for involvement, and the eligibility to win an Amazon gift card.  

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There were 90 students involved in the ‘Stop the bleed’ training and survey. This sample was represented by 26 Males and 64 Females. The age range of participants consisted of those 18 through 49 years old, with the average age being 21 years old. 48 participants (54.4%) identified as White, 15 as Black, 16 as Asian, 1 Latino, 3 participants N/A, and 7 identified as ‘other’.  

In addition, student classification level and major was recorded. The sample included 35 freshmen, 18 sophomores, 20 junior, and 9 senior participants.  From the analysis of major categories, the subject of Natural Sciences was found predominant within this sample at 29 individuals. 

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Procedure

The methodology behind the foundation of our experiment is analyzed through the application of repeated measures testing. The procedure of our research study included administering an initial online pre-test during week 4 with the participants. Then week 6, participants engaged in the ‘Stop the Bleed’ training with the certified instructors. The post-test survey was given in paper form directly after the training was concluded.  The overall plan includes a baseline pretest assessment of mood, fear levels, emergency preparedness, current knowledge of institutional responses, demographics are assessed in the pretest (week 4 of the semester).

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The pretest included survey questionnaire items that measured levels of fear, emergency preparedness, and knowledge of institutional crisis response. The preliminary data collected was used to compare with results of the post-test immediately preceding the in-class ’Stop the Bleed’ training.  

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The post-test involved the assessment of survey items such as current emotional state, threat level, perception level, and overall preparedness. A series of questions were asked regarding the in-class traumatic bleed training and the participant's current knowledge about evaluation, control, and treatment in the mass-casualty incidents. This second questionnaire focused primarily on retention-based survey items.  

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Also, a collection of basic demographic information such as participant’s age, race, and sex identification. Additionally, student-related questions were asked regarding major, class status, and pre-clinical studies interest level. 

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The selected variables for our concluded research highlight participant's level of experience with ‘life-threatening bleeds’, interest in pre-med clinical (training or future?), and the probability of involvement in upcoming traumatic events.  

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